Saudi Arabia has joined mBridge, an international digital platform led by China to support cross-border payments and currency transactions. On June 8, a 50-year-old agreement between Saudi Arabia and the United States to sell oil and other products only in dollars in exchange for military protection expired. Now Saudi Arabia can sell its oil in other currencies.

Russian Ambassador to Kazakhstan Alexei Borodavkin reported that the share of mutual settlements in national currencies between Kazakhstan and Russia has reached 80%.

Russia and China conducted 95% of their $200 billion trade this year without dollars.